Lesson 4 of 5
Giving, prayer and fasting in secret
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Study objective: Learn Jesus’ teaching on doing acts of devotion for God rather than for show.
Reading: Matthew 6:1–18
Matthew 6:1–18 WEB
1“Be careful that you don’t do your charitable giving before men, to be seen by them, or else you have no reward from your Father who is in heaven. 2Therefore, when you do merciful deeds, don’t sound a trumpet before yourself, as the hypocrites do in the synagogues and in the streets, that they may get glory from men. Most certainly I tell you, they have received their reward. 3But when you do merciful deeds, don’t let your left hand know what your right hand does, 4so that your merciful deeds may be in secret, then your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. 5“When you pray, you shall not be as the hypocrites, for they love to stand and pray in the synagogues and in the corners of the streets, that they may be seen by men. Most certainly, I tell you, they have received their reward. 6But you, when you pray, enter into your inner room, and having shut your door, pray to your Father who is in secret; and your Father who sees in secret will reward you openly. 7In praying, don’t use vain repetitions as the Gentiles do; for they think that they will be heard for their much speaking. 8Therefore don’t be like them, for your Father knows what things you need before you ask him. 9Pray like this: “‘Our Father in heaven, may your name be kept holy. 10Let your Kingdom come. Let your will be done on earth as it is in heaven. 11Give us today our daily bread. 12Forgive us our debts, as we also forgive our debtors. 13Bring us not into temptation, but deliver us from the evil one. For yours is the Kingdom, the power, and the glory forever. Amen.’ 14“For if you forgive men their trespasses, your heavenly Father will also forgive you. 15But if you don’t forgive men their trespasses, neither will your Father forgive your trespasses. 16“Moreover when you fast, don’t be like the hypocrites, with sad faces. For they disfigure their faces that they may be seen by men to be fasting. Most certainly I tell you, they have received their reward. 17But you, when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face, 18so that you are not seen by men to be fasting, but by your Father who is in secret; and your Father, who sees in secret, will reward you.
Background and context
Jesus warns against practising righteousness to be seen. He takes three common practices (giving, prayer and fasting) and contrasts doing them for an audience with doing them before the Father who sees in secret. The Lord’s Prayer sits at the centre.
Observe
- The warning applies to all three practices (6:1).
- Those who seek an audience “have received their reward” (6:2, 5, 16).
- The Father “sees in secret” (6:4, 6, 18).
- The Lord’s Prayer is given as a pattern (6:9-13).
Words, people and events to notice
- Hypocrite
- In Jesus’ day the word was used for actors; Jesus uses it for those who perform religion for an audience. Matthew 6:2
Understand
- What is the repeated contrast in 6:1-18?
- Why is the Lord’s Prayer placed here?
- What reward does Jesus mean?
Connect
- Luke 11:1–4
Luke’s shorter version of the Lord’s Prayer.
Reflect
- Which practice are you most tempted to do for show?
- What would a secret act of devotion look like this week?
Key takeaways
Editorial summary, not Scripture.
- Devotion is for God, not for an audience.
- The Father sees what is done in secret.
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